Islamic Scientists
311 scholars who shaped human knowledge — from the 8th century to today
Showing 311 of 311
ابن الهيثم
965–1040Ibn al-Haytham
Father of Modern Optics
الخوارزمي
780–850Al-Khwarizmi
Father of Algebra
ابن سينا
980–1037Ibn Sina
Prince of Physicians
البيروني
973–1048Al-Biruni
Master of All Knowledge
الرازي
854–925Al-Razi (Rhazes)
The Father of Clinical Medicine
الفارابي
872–950Al-Farabi
The Second Teacher
الغزالي
1058–1111Al-Ghazali
The Proof of Islam
ابن رشد
1126–1198Ibn Rushd (Averroes)
The Commentator
ابن خلدون
1332–1406Ibn Khaldun
The Father of Sociology and Historiography
نصير الدين الطوسي
1201–1274Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
The Master of Mathematics and the Stars
جابر بن حيان
721–815Jabir ibn Hayyan (Geber)
Father of Chemistry
البتاني
858–929Al-Battani
The Ptolemy of the Arabs
أبو القاسم الزهراوي
936–1013Al-Zahrawi (Abulcasis)
Father of Modern Surgery
ابن النفيس
1213–1288Ibn al-Nafis
Discoverer of Pulmonary Circulation
محمد الإدريسي
1100–1165Al-Idrisi
Greatest Cartographer of the Medieval World
عمر الخيام
1048–1131Omar Khayyam
Mathematician, Astronomer, and Poet of the Infinite
الكندي
801–873Al-Kindi
Father of Arab Philosophy
المسعودي
896–956Al-Masudi
The Herodotus of the Arabs
ثابت بن قرة
836–901Thabit ibn Qurra
Reformer of Ptolemaic Astronomy
الفرغاني
800–870Al-Farghani
The Astronomer of the Caliphs
ابن طفيل
1105–1185Ibn Tufayl
The Philosopher of the Desert Island
نصير الدين الطوسي
1201–1274Nasir al-Din al-Tusi
Master of the Sciences
الجزري
1136–1206Al-Jazari
Father of Modern Engineering
أولغ بيك
1394–1449Ulugh Beg
The Astronomer Sultan